Inflammatory bowel disease in childhood.

In addition to proctocolectomy, new surgical techniques for treating ulcerative colitis include the Kock internal ileal reservoir and endorectal pullthrough of the ileum. In children three forms of Crohn's disease requiring operation have been identified. Ileocecal disease may be treated with resection and anastomosis; colorectal disease is best managed by primary proctocolectomy cutaneous ileostomy; and Crohn's disease of the small bowel should be managed by medical therapy in most cases.