Glucarpidase rescue in a patient with high-dose methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity.

PURPOSE: To describe the successful use of glucarpidase (carboxypeptidase G2) in the treatment of high-dose methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity in a patient with osteosarcoma.

SUMMARY: A 12-year-old female patient who had been diagnosed with low-grade right mandibular osteosarcoma was started on a protocol of cisplatin plus doxorubicin alternating with high-dose methotrexate. Following her first dose of methotrexte, she developed acute renal failure and higher than expected 24h methotrexate level of 478μM/L. High-dose leucovorin rescue was started with vigorous hydra- tion and urine alkalinization together with two sessions of hemodialysis. Because her methotrexate level was persistently high, the investigational drug glucarpidase was administered. Methotrexate level dropped from 65 to 16.3 μM/L after a single dose of glucarpidase measured by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Leucovorin and urine alkalinization were continued until day 17 when the patient's kidney function normalized and methotrexate level reached 0.05 μM/L. The patient tolerated glucarpidase well without any significant adverse events.

CONCLUSION

Glucarpidase is a safe and effective agent in the management of high-dose methotrexate-induced nephrotoxicity and delayed methotrexate elimination.