Prevention and treatment of travel-related illness.

Traveler's diarrhea, malaria, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and jet lag are among the issues for the traveler preparing for a trip to or returning from developing countries. With appropriate measures, most travel-related diseases can be prevented. Diarrheal diseases, schistosomiasis, sexually transmitted diseases and AIDS can be prevented with proper avoidance behavior. Diseases such as hepatitis, rabies, yellow fever and meningitis can be prevented with immunization. Chemoprophylaxis can prevent malaria, altitude sickness and sinus barotrauma. Diagnosing an illness in a returning traveler requires a high index of suspicion regarding diseases that might have been acquired during travel. Resources for accessing up-to-date information concerning prophylaxis, diagnosis and treatment of travel-related illnesses are available.