Journal of psychiatric research · 2025
The impact of family structure on depressive symptoms in secondary school students: The mediating role of emotional neglect.
СтатьяПоддержка исследования: вне правительства СШАНазвание и аннотация: Перевод в очереди
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Ban Yanjing, Xu Chang, Liu Zhonghui, Li Yin, Han Yu, Xi Wei, Li Fengqin, Wang Qian, Zhang Xianwei, Zhang Xin, Gao Lei
Аннотация
PURPOSE: A growing body of research has identified the influence of family factors on depression. This study aimed to investigate the effects of different family structures on adolescent depressive symptoms and to investigate the mediating role of adverse childhood experiences between family structure and adolescent depressive symptoms.
METHODS: Stratified whole cluster sampling was used. Junior and senior high school students were randomly selected from three schools in one district each in urban and rural areas. Depressive symptoms and traumatic events were investigated through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) questionnaire and the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Adolescent family structure types were classified using latent category analysis (LCA), and mediation models were used to explore the mediating effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) between family structure and depressive symptoms.
RESULTS: After LCA analysis, three family structure types were delineated: Nuclear Family, Paternal Grandparents Family (single father + paternal grandparents as primary caregivers), and Paternal Grandparents Family (single mother + maternal grandparents as primary caregivers). Detection rate of depressive symptoms in non-nuclear families was 27.2 %; adolescent depressive symptoms were higher in Paternal Grandparents Family compared to Nuclear Family (OR = 0.823, 95 % CI:0.037,1.610, p < 0.05); the difference in adolescent depressive symptoms in Maternal Grandparents Family was not significant (OR = -0.504, 95 % CI: -1.570,0.561). The mediating effect of emotional neglect was only present in the association between Paternal Grandparents Family and depressive symptoms in secondary school students [β(95 %CI) = 0.490 (0.153,0.845)], with a mediating effect proportion of 58.40 %.
CONCLUSION: Depressive symptoms are more prominent among secondary school students in non-nuclear families, especially Paternal Grandparents Family. Emotional neglect, which may be triggered by the absence of the mother's role, increases the risk of depressive symptoms among secondary school students.
METHODS: Stratified whole cluster sampling was used. Junior and senior high school students were randomly selected from three schools in one district each in urban and rural areas. Depressive symptoms and traumatic events were investigated through the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) questionnaire and the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Adolescent family structure types were classified using latent category analysis (LCA), and mediation models were used to explore the mediating effects of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) between family structure and depressive symptoms.
RESULTS: After LCA analysis, three family structure types were delineated: Nuclear Family, Paternal Grandparents Family (single father + paternal grandparents as primary caregivers), and Paternal Grandparents Family (single mother + maternal grandparents as primary caregivers). Detection rate of depressive symptoms in non-nuclear families was 27.2 %; adolescent depressive symptoms were higher in Paternal Grandparents Family compared to Nuclear Family (OR = 0.823, 95 % CI:0.037,1.610, p < 0.05); the difference in adolescent depressive symptoms in Maternal Grandparents Family was not significant (OR = -0.504, 95 % CI: -1.570,0.561). The mediating effect of emotional neglect was only present in the association between Paternal Grandparents Family and depressive symptoms in secondary school students [β(95 %CI) = 0.490 (0.153,0.845)], with a mediating effect proportion of 58.40 %.
CONCLUSION: Depressive symptoms are more prominent among secondary school students in non-nuclear families, especially Paternal Grandparents Family. Emotional neglect, which may be triggered by the absence of the mother's role, increases the risk of depressive symptoms among secondary school students.