Infantile cortical measles inclusion body encephalitis during combined treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

A case of cortical measles inclusion body encephalitis occuring in a boy aged 6 years 7 months, 4 months after uncomplicated measles is reported. The child was undergoing combined treatment ofr acute lymphoblastic leukemia. He was in primary remission for 2 years. The neuropathological findings are characterized by necrosis, eosinophilic nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in the neuronal and glial cells within the cerebral cortex and basal ganglia. Nucleocapsides of paramyxoviruses were detected in the nuclear inclusion bodies of both cell types.