Pediatric myringoplasty: factors that affect success-a retrospective study.

OBJECTIVE

To evaluate the impact of patient and graft variables on the successful closure of tympanic membrane perforations treated with myringoplasty at the Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh from 2000 to 2005.

STUDY

DESIGN

Retrospective chart review at an academic tertiary-care children's hospital.

METHODS

Charts were reviewed for 604 children, ages 1 to 18 years old, with complete records who underwent myringoplasty by the pediatric otolaryngology practice at Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC from 2000 to 2005, totaling 777 procedures.

RESULTS

Significant variables include patient age, number of prior tubes, perforation etiology (P < .000), presence of a retained tube (P < .000) as well as tube type (P = .016), graft material (P = .001), and history of Down syndrome (P = .035). Nonsignificant variables include season of procedure (P = .599), status of adenoid tissue (P = .910), prior otorrhea (P = .175), as well as perforation location (P = .318) and duration (P = .150).

CONCLUSIONS

Proper patient and graft material selection can affect the outcome of myringoplasty procedures. Practical implications from these data suggest that Gelfoam myringoplasty is more successful than either paper patch or fat graft closures, with a 90.8% success rate (P = .001). Myringoplasty should not be deferred during the winter months as the season of procedure does appear to not affect the success of closure (P = .60). Similarly, the presence or absence of adenoid tissue did not affect the success of closure (P = .91).