Nutrition, metabolism, and cardiovascular diseases : NMCD · 2026
Individual variability in insulin sensitivity, visceral fat, and cardiorespiratory fitness in response to exercise in adolescents with obesity.
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Mirzadeh Parmis, Lee SoJung, Arslanian Silva, Kuk Jennifer L
Аннотация
BACKGROUND AND AIM: We examined the interindividual variability in insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (Rd), visceral fat, and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in response to aerobic and/or resistance exercise training in adolescents with overweight or obesity.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This is a secondary analysis of our previously published randomized trials (3-6 months) at UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. We included 143 adolescents (12-18 y, BMI ≥85th percentile) who had complete baseline and post-intervention data for a 3-hr hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp-measured Rd, visceral fat, and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Each individual's response was compared with the smallest worthwhile difference (SWD) which corresponds to a small effect size as a 'possible responder' (greater than SWD) or 'likely responder' (greater than the SWD and beyond the 90th percentile of the technical error of measurement). In response to 3-6 months of aerobic and/or resistance exercise, approximately half to two-thirds of participants were 'likely/possible responders' in Rd. Over 80% of participants were 'likely/possible responders' in reduction of visceral fat, and over two-thirds were 'likely/possible responders' in improvement in CRF in response to exercise. The greatest proportion 'likely/possible responders' was most commonly seen in the aerobic exercise group. Nearly all participants were 'likely/possible responders' in at least one outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: Substantial interindividual variability in response to standardized exercise was observed for improvement in insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (Rd), and to a lesser degree, visceral fat and CRF in adolescents. The greatest improvement in health risk factors were most commonly seen with aerobic exercise.
METHODS AND RESULTS: This is a secondary analysis of our previously published randomized trials (3-6 months) at UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh. We included 143 adolescents (12-18 y, BMI ≥85th percentile) who had complete baseline and post-intervention data for a 3-hr hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp-measured Rd, visceral fat, and peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak). Each individual's response was compared with the smallest worthwhile difference (SWD) which corresponds to a small effect size as a 'possible responder' (greater than SWD) or 'likely responder' (greater than the SWD and beyond the 90th percentile of the technical error of measurement). In response to 3-6 months of aerobic and/or resistance exercise, approximately half to two-thirds of participants were 'likely/possible responders' in Rd. Over 80% of participants were 'likely/possible responders' in reduction of visceral fat, and over two-thirds were 'likely/possible responders' in improvement in CRF in response to exercise. The greatest proportion 'likely/possible responders' was most commonly seen in the aerobic exercise group. Nearly all participants were 'likely/possible responders' in at least one outcome.
CONCLUSIONS: Substantial interindividual variability in response to standardized exercise was observed for improvement in insulin-stimulated glucose disposal (Rd), and to a lesser degree, visceral fat and CRF in adolescents. The greatest improvement in health risk factors were most commonly seen with aerobic exercise.