Tourette syndrome in children.

BACKGROUND: Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS), characterised by motor and vocal tics, has a prevalence of approximately 1% in school-aged children. Commonly encountered comorbidities of GTS include attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and obsessive-compulsive behaviour/disorder (OCB/OCD). Genetic factors play an important part in the aetiology of GTS, and family members may exhibit tics or related disorders such as ADHD, OCB or OCD.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this article is to present a summary of the current evidence to assist the assessment and management of GTS in primary care.

DISCUSSION: A comprehensive assessment should include exploration of not only tics but also associated features and comorbidities. The stigmatising and impairing nature of tics can have a significant impact on the quality of life of the young person and their parents/carers, as well as on family functioning. Management includes education and explanation, behavioural treatments and (sometimes) medication.