Metabolic basis of brain edema.

A large number of metabolic factors have been incriminated in the pathogenesis of the various forms of brain edema. Ultimately we must learn more about the factors responsible for the integrity of the membranes of the capillary endothelium, neurons, and glia. What determines normal membrane fluidity, and how is it modified in disease? What is the mechanism of action of glucocorticosteroids in the treatment of vasogenic edema? The role of free radicals, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and excitatory neurotransmitters on cellular membranes and the distribution of sodium and water in the various compartments of the brain require further study.