Developing the self-determination of children and young people with intellectual disabilities in schools: A systematic review of the literature.

BACKGROUND: Self-determination is associated with lifelong positive outcomes. Students with intellectual disabilities typically have lower self-determination than their peers. Universal basic education access offers schools the opportunity to rectify this disparity. This is the first systematic review investigating the school-based practices that target self-determination development for students with intellectual disabilities.

METHOD: The review follows the PRISMA guidelines, spanning five databases (ProQuest databases, EMBASE, Scopus, Sage Journals, Taylor and Francis Online) from 2006 to 2021.

RESULTS: Across the 18 studies, the most used practice is the SDLMI. Research focuses on United States-based transition-aged students with mild to moderate intellectual disabilities. Social validity tends to be assessed in summative and informal ways. Students are not generally involved in decision-making about practices and individualisation of support.

CONCLUSIONS: Self-determination development for this population can begin before puberty. Future research should critically investigate social validity and holistic integration of student self-determination learning opportunities throughout the pedagogical cycle.