Effect of fermented red bean extract (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) on spermatogenic cells in mice exposed to smoke.

BACKGROUND

Red beans are rich in bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids, anthocyanins, tannins, and polyphenols, which have high antioxidant activity and are believed to provide protection against testicular tissue exposure to toxic substances, including cigarette smoke.

AIM: This study aims to scientifically analyze the effect of fermented red bean extract on the number of spermatogenic cells in male mice exposed to cigarette smoke.

METHODS

This experimental study included 25 mice. Group K (-) was administered 0.5 ml of 1% CMC-Na, group K (+) was administered 0.5 ml of 1% CMC-Na and exposed to cigarette smoke, and groups P1, P2, and P3 were administered fermented red bean extract (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) at doses of 26 mg/kgBW, 52 mg/kgBW, and 104 mg/kgBW, respectively, and exposed to cigarette smoke. Each group was given one cigarette per day for 36 days. Testicular histopathology preparations were made with hematoxylin and eosin staining and continued with spermatogenic cell counting. Data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance and continued with Duncan's test (p < 0.05).

RESULTS

The results showed that the K(-) group had the highest number of spermatogenic cells, while the K(+) group had the lowest number of spermatogenic cells. The P2 group was the most effective method in maintaining the number of cells because the P2 group had a good number of cells even with a lower dose compared to the P3 group.

CONCLUSION

This study concluded that the dose of 52 mg/kgBW has the best potential. Fermented red bean extract contains isoflavones that act as free radical scavengers by donating electrons to reactive oxygen species to stabilize the molecule.