Neurologia (Barcelona, Spain) · 2005
[Treatment of Tourette syndrome and its comorbidity: experience with 17 cases].
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Martínez-Granero M A, Montañés Rada F, García Pérez A, de Lucas Taracena M T, Sánchez Romero S, Rafia S, Granados A, Parra Cuadrado E
Аннотация
INTRODUCTION: Clinical characteristics and comorbid disorders of Tourette syndrome (TS) are reviewed along with a presentation of our experience with 17 cases.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study of pediatric patients with TS admitted from 1998 to 2004 in Fundación Hospital Alcorcón.
RESULTS: Seventeen patients were obtained, 16 of whom were men and there was only 1 woman. Present age ranged from 7 to 17 years old. Most frequent comorbid disorders were attention deficit disorder (ADD) in 9 patients, (53%), obsessive-compulsive disorder in 8 (48%) and anxiety in 7 (41%). Learning disorders were found in 7 patients (41%), 5 of whom have concurrent ADD and 1 severe obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychopharmacological treatment was withdrew in the 2 cases treated with halloperidol due to the presence of severe extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and in 3 of the 7 cases treated with pimozide (one of them was withdrawn due to EPS). No EPS was found with atypical neuroleptics, but sedation and weight gain was common. Methylphenidate was administered to 7 patients without an increase in tics.
CONCLUSIONS: In our sample the most common comorbid disorders were ADD, obsessive-compulsive disorders, anxiety and learning disorders. Atypical neuroleptics were better tolerated than classic ones, although the incidence of side effects is elevated. Methylphenidate was not associated with tic worsening.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out a retrospective study of pediatric patients with TS admitted from 1998 to 2004 in Fundación Hospital Alcorcón.
RESULTS: Seventeen patients were obtained, 16 of whom were men and there was only 1 woman. Present age ranged from 7 to 17 years old. Most frequent comorbid disorders were attention deficit disorder (ADD) in 9 patients, (53%), obsessive-compulsive disorder in 8 (48%) and anxiety in 7 (41%). Learning disorders were found in 7 patients (41%), 5 of whom have concurrent ADD and 1 severe obsessive compulsive disorder. Psychopharmacological treatment was withdrew in the 2 cases treated with halloperidol due to the presence of severe extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) and in 3 of the 7 cases treated with pimozide (one of them was withdrawn due to EPS). No EPS was found with atypical neuroleptics, but sedation and weight gain was common. Methylphenidate was administered to 7 patients without an increase in tics.
CONCLUSIONS: In our sample the most common comorbid disorders were ADD, obsessive-compulsive disorders, anxiety and learning disorders. Atypical neuroleptics were better tolerated than classic ones, although the incidence of side effects is elevated. Methylphenidate was not associated with tic worsening.