[Extrarenal hemofiltration in pediatric resuscitation].

Peritoneal dialysis, continuous hemofiltration (HF) and continuous hemodiafiltration (HDF) are the most convenient methods for blood purification in pediatric intensive care units. HF is based on the ultrafiltration process and removes not only water but also Na, K, bicarbonate, urea and creatinine with sieving coefficient close to 1. HDF is based on both ultrafiltration and diffusion processes and increases the removal of low molecular weight solutes (urea). These procedures are indicated in: 1) neonates presenting with oligo-anuric acute renal failure (ARF) or fluid overload withstanding diuretics or some metabolic diseases; 2) children presenting with ARF, fluid overload or some metabolic disorders, poisonings or shocks.