BMC plant biology · 2026
Modulation of antioxidant defense and organic acid profiles in green beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) via salicylic acid and passive modified atmosphere packaging.
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Tekin Onur
Аннотация
BACKGROUND: Green bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a vegetable species characterized by its short postharvest storage life. This study investigated the effects of different doses of salicylic acid (SA; 1 and 3 mM), passive modified atmosphere packaging (passive MAP), and the combined applications of SA and passive MAP (hereafter SA + MAP) on postharvest physiological and biochemical changes in the 'Gina' and 'Gevaş' bean cultivars.
METHODS: Pods were stored at 7ºC and 80 ± 5% relative humidity, and changes in respiration rate, external ethylene production, headspace gas composition (O2 and CO2), antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and APX), MDA content, and organic acids (oxalic, citric, malic, succinic, fumaric, and tartaric acids) were examined.
RESULTS: The study revealed significant physiological and biochemical differences between the 'Gina' and 'Gevaş' cultivars. In 'Gina', 1 mM SA + MAP was the most effective treatment for suppressing respiration, reducing it by 49% relative to the control, while external ethylene production under this treatment decreased by 30%. In 'Gevaş', 3 mM SA + MAP was the most effective treatment, reducing respiration and external ethylene production by 64% and 75%, respectively, compared with the control. Under these most effective treatment conditions, 'Gina' showed enhanced acid accumulation, with significantly higher oxalic (149%), succinic (55%), citric (40%), and fumaric acid levels (21%) than the control. Conversely, 'Gevaş' exhibited more pronounced changes in organic acid profiles, with greater depletion of fumaric (73%), succinic (79%), and tartaric acids (62%), while oxalic (97%) and malic acid levels (5%) remained above the control, and citric acid was maintained at a level comparable to the control. Furthermore, enhanced antioxidant defense effectively suppressed lipid peroxidation, reducing MDA levels by 41.8% and 69.4% relative to the control, respectively. Collectively, these findings indicate that the combined application of SA and passive MAP is an effective cultivar-specific strategy for maintaining postharvest quality during 25 days of storage in green beans.
METHODS: Pods were stored at 7ºC and 80 ± 5% relative humidity, and changes in respiration rate, external ethylene production, headspace gas composition (O2 and CO2), antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and APX), MDA content, and organic acids (oxalic, citric, malic, succinic, fumaric, and tartaric acids) were examined.
RESULTS: The study revealed significant physiological and biochemical differences between the 'Gina' and 'Gevaş' cultivars. In 'Gina', 1 mM SA + MAP was the most effective treatment for suppressing respiration, reducing it by 49% relative to the control, while external ethylene production under this treatment decreased by 30%. In 'Gevaş', 3 mM SA + MAP was the most effective treatment, reducing respiration and external ethylene production by 64% and 75%, respectively, compared with the control. Under these most effective treatment conditions, 'Gina' showed enhanced acid accumulation, with significantly higher oxalic (149%), succinic (55%), citric (40%), and fumaric acid levels (21%) than the control. Conversely, 'Gevaş' exhibited more pronounced changes in organic acid profiles, with greater depletion of fumaric (73%), succinic (79%), and tartaric acids (62%), while oxalic (97%) and malic acid levels (5%) remained above the control, and citric acid was maintained at a level comparable to the control. Furthermore, enhanced antioxidant defense effectively suppressed lipid peroxidation, reducing MDA levels by 41.8% and 69.4% relative to the control, respectively. Collectively, these findings indicate that the combined application of SA and passive MAP is an effective cultivar-specific strategy for maintaining postharvest quality during 25 days of storage in green beans.