[Surgical treatment of voluminous structures in the 3d ventricle].

The method and the advantages and shortcomings of various approaches in surgical treatment of volume structures in the third ventricle are discussed. Best visualization of its cavity is provided by the group of "superior" approaches: transcallosal and transfrontal. Various methods of direct penetration into the third ventricle are also considered: through the foramen of Morno, subchoroidal, interfornical. The results of 30 operations conducted through the interfornical approach prove its efficacy in removal of colloidal and cysticercus cysts, craniopharyngiomas, gliomas, and other new growths of the third ventricle. A transient amnestic syndrome was the only complication in the postoperative period. The neurophysiological mechanisms of its origin are discussed in detail. Stereotaxic interventions based on computed-tomographic calculations were carried out successfully in 150 patients. This method makes it possible to conduct ventriculoscopy, aspiration of cysts, biopsy of the tumor, and brachytherapy.