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UNLABELLED: Noise and Mental Health: Epidemiology, Mechanisms, and Interventions

Objective

This review summarizes current evidence on the effects of noise exposure on mental health and discusses psychological intervention approaches for individual coping.

METHODS

Narrative review based on a literature search in PubMed on noise exposure and mental health as well as intervention approaches, supplemented by expert knowledge and additional relevant literature.

RESULTS

Metaanalyses show an increased risk for depression and anxiety disorders associated with noise exposure. Recent cohort studies confirm associations between traffic noise and depressive symptoms, anxiety disorders, and suicide. Children, adolescents, and individuals with pre-existing mental conditions are particularly vulnerable. Noise annoyance and sensitivity amplify effects and indicate a vicious cycle. Psychological interventions such as mindfulness training, cognitive behavioral therapy, and psychoeducation could complement noise reduction.

DISCUSSION: Traffic noise represents a relevant public health problem. Priority should be given to noise reduction measures at the source. In psychiatric contexts, the acoustic environment should be considered as a therapeutic factor.