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Evaluation of the Antiviral Activity of Monomeric, Dimeric, and Oligomeric Flavonoids against Chikungunya and Mayaro Viruses.

This study evaluated a panel of structurally diverse flavonoids, including monomeric, dimeric, and oligomeric compounds, to investigate the influence of structural complexity on antiviral activity against Chikungunya (CHIKV) and Mayaro (MAYV) viruses. CHIKV and MAYV, which are both members of the genus Alphavirus, represent a growing public health concern in Brazil. This is owing to rising arboviral infections and the potential for cotransmission by shared urban vectors. Effective control requires integrated strategies, including antivirals. Therefore, this study evaluated the cytotoxicity, an…

Геномическая характеристика и эволюционный анализ штаммов вируса Чикунгунья в Гуанчжоу, Китай, 2025 год.

Вирус Чикунгунья (CHIKV) — альфавирус, переходящий через комаров, который вызвал многочисленные широкомасштабные вспышки заболеваний и создает серьезную угрозу для здоровья населения. Недавно поступили сообщения о вспышках ЧИКВ в провинции Гуандун, Китай. Однако геномные данные и информация о местной передаче по-прежнему ограничены. Мы собрали у Гуанчжоу 19 образцов ЧИКВ и провели последовательность целых геномов через платформу Oxford Nanopore. Полученные последовательности подвергались мутации и филогенетическим анализам. Кроме того, аминокислотные заменители во время передачи были проанализ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that has caused multiple widespread outbreaks and poses a significant public health threat. Recently, CHIKV outbreaks were reported in Guangdong Province, China. However, genomic data and information on local transmission remain limited. METHODS: We collected 19 CHIKV-positive samples from…

Вирусные вакцины Чикунгунья: обзор IXCHIQ и PXVX0317 от доклинической оценки до ликуляции.

Вирус Чикунгунья - это нарождающийся альфавирус, передаваемый через комары, который вызывает фебрилальную болезнь и артритическую болезнь. Вирус Чикунгунья носит эндемический характер в 110 странах, и, по оценкам Всемирной организации здравоохранения, с момента его появления в 2005 году в мире было зарегистрировано более 2 миллионов случаев острого и хронического артрита. Вспышки вируса Чикунгунья произошли в Африке, Азии, на островах Индийского океана, на островах южной части Тихого океана, в Европе и в Северной и Южной Америке. До недавнего времени не существовало каких-либо конкретных контр

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Chikungunya virus is an emerging mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes febrile illness and arthritic disease. Chikungunya virus is endemic in 110 countries and the World Health Organization estimates that it has caused more than 2 million cases of crippling acute and chronic arthritis globally since it re-emerged in 2005. Chikungunya virus outbreaks have occ…

A single dose recombinant AAV based CHIKV vaccine elicits robust and durable protective antibody responses in mice.

BACKGROUND: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that is responsible for Chikungunya fever, which is characterized by fever, rash, and debilitating polyarthralgia. Since its re-emergence in 2004, CHIKV has continued to spread to new regions and become a severe health threat to global public. Development of safe and single dose vaccines that provide durable protection is desirable to control the spread of virus. The recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors represent promising vaccine platform to provide prolonged protection with a single-dose immunization. In this s…

Infection with chikungunya virus confers heterotypic cross-neutralizing antibodies and memory B-cells against other arthritogenic alphaviruses predominantly through the B domain of the E2 glycoprotein.

Infections with Chikungunya virus, a mosquito-borne alphavirus, cause an acute febrile syndrome often followed by chronic arthritis that persists for months to years post-infection. Neutralizing antibodies are the primary immune correlate of protection elicited by infection, and the major goal of vaccinations in development. Using convalescent blood samples collected from both endemic and non-endemic human subjects at multiple timepoints following suspected or confirmed chikungunya infection, we identified antibodies with broad neutralizing properties against other alphaviruses within the Seml…

Clinical Characteristics of the 2019 Eastern Equine Encephalitis Outbreak in Michigan.

BACKGROUND: Eastern equine encephalitis virus is a mosquito-borne alphavirus responsible for unpredictable outbreaks of severe neurologic disease in animals and humans. While most human infections are asymptomatic or clinically nonspecific, a minority of patients develops encephalitic disease, a devastating illness with a mortality rate of ≥30%. No treatments are known to be effective. Eastern equine encephalitis virus infection is rare in the United States, with an annual average nationwide incidence of 7 cases between 2009 and 2018. However, in 2019, 38 cases were confirmed nationwide, inclu…

Long-term persistence of viral RNA and inflammation in the CNS of macaques exposed to aerosolized Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus.

Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV) is a positively-stranded RNA arbovirus of the genus Alphavirus that causes encephalitis in humans. Cynomolgus macaques are a relevant model of the human disease caused by VEEV and are useful in exploring pathogenic mechanisms and the host response to VEEV infection. Macaques were exposed to small-particle aerosols containing virus derived from an infectious clone of VEEV strain INH-9813, a subtype IC strain isolated from a human infection. VEEV-exposed macaques developed a biphasic fever after infection similar to that seen in humans. Maximum tempera…

Development of a neutralization assay based on the pseudotyped chikungunya virus of a Korean isolate.

The Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) belongs to the Alphavirus genus of Togaviridae family and contains a positive-sense single stranded RNA genome. Infection by this virus mainly causes sudden high fever, rashes, headache, and severe joint pain that can last for several months or years. CHIKV, a mosquito-borne arbovirus, is considered a re-emerging pathogen that has become one of the most pressing global health concerns due to a rapid increase in epidemics. Because handling of CHIKV is restricted to Biosafety Level 3 (BSL-3) facilities, the evaluation of prophylactic vaccines or antivirals has been …

Broad and long-lasting immune protection against various Chikungunya genotypes demonstrated by participants in a cross-sectional study in a Cambodian rural community.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an alphavirus circulating worldwide. Its presence in Asia has been reported since the 1950s, constituting the Asian genotype. Since 2005, strains from the Eastern, Central, and Southern African (ECSA) genotype have caused several outbreaks across Asia. Viruses from the ECSA genotype were also detected in Cambodia in late 2011 and led to an outbreak in a rural community in 2012. A former investigation from 2012 found a higher risk of infection in people younger than 40 years, suggesting a pre-existing herd immunity in the older Cambodian population due to infection …

Eastern Equine Encephalitis Virus in the United States, 2003-2016.

Eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus found in the eastern United States. Eastern equine encephalitis virus disease in humans is rare but can result in severe, often fatal, illness. This report summarizes the national EEEV surveillance data for 2003 through 2016, including human disease cases and nonhuman infections. Over the 14-year period, 633 counties from 33 states reported EEEV activity; 88% of those counties reported EEEV activity only in nonhuman species. A total of 121 human cases of EEEV disease were reported, with a median of eight cases reported ann…

Serological evidence of widespread exposure of Grenada fruit bats to chikungunya virus.

Antibody detection against selected potentially zoonotic vector-borne alphaviruses and flaviviruses was conducted on sera from bats from all six parishes in Grenada, West Indies. Sera were tested for (i) antibodies to flaviviruses West Nile virus, St. Louis encephalitis virus, Ilhéus virus, Bussuquara virus (BSQV), Rio Bravo virus and all four serotypes of dengue virus (DENV) by plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT); (ii) antibodies to alphaviruses western equine encephalitis virus, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus and eastern equine encephalitis virus by epitope-blocking enzyme-link…

Enzootic Circulation of Chikungunya Virus in East Africa: Serological Evidence in Non-human Kenyan Primates.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a globally emerging pathogen causing debilitating arthralgia and fever in humans. First identified in Tanzania (1953), this mosquito-borne alphavirus received little further attention until a 2004 re-emergence in Kenya from an unknown source. This outbreak subsequently spread to the Indian Ocean, with adaptation for transmission by a new urban vector. Under the hypothesis that sylvatic progenitor cycles of CHIKV exist in Kenya (as reported in West Africa, between non-human primates (NHPs) and arboreal Aedes spp. mosquitoes), we pursued evidence of enzootic transmis…

Suramin is a potent inhibitor of Chikungunya and Ebola virus cell entry.

BACKGROUND: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-transmitted alphavirus that causes high fever, rash, and recurrent arthritis in humans. It has efficiently adapted to Aedes albopictus, which also inhabits temperate regions and currently causes large outbreaks in the Caribbean and Latin America. Ebola virus (EBOV) is a member of the filovirus family. It causes the Ebola virus disease (EDV), formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever in humans and has a mortality rate of up to 70 %. The last outbreak in Western Africa was the largest in history and has caused approximately 25,000 cases and 10,…

Enhanced expression of the Erns protein of classical swine fever virus in yeast and its application in an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibody differentiation of infected from vaccinated animals.

Classical swine fever (CSF), caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV), is a devastating disease of swine worldwide. Although a mandatory vaccination with the modified live vaccine C-strain has been implemented in China for decades, CSF remains a serious threat to the swine industry. To facilitate the control and eradication of CSF in China, the E2-based marker vaccine rAdV-SFV-E2, an adenovirus-delivered, alphavirus replicon-vectored vaccine, has been developed. Accordingly, an accompanying discriminatory test that allows differentiating infected from vaccinated animals (DIVA) is required.…

Bioluminescent imaging and histopathologic characterization of WEEV neuroinvasion in outbred CD-1 mice.

Western equine encephalitis virus (WEEV; Alphavirus) is a mosquito-borne virus that can cause severe encephalitis in humans and equids. Previous studies have shown that intranasal infection of outbred CD-1 mice with the WEEV McMillan (McM) strain result in high mortality within 4 days of infection. Here in vivo and ex vivo bioluminescence (BLM) imaging was applied on mice intranasally infected with a recombinant McM virus expressing firefly luciferase (FLUC) to track viral neuroinvasion by FLUC detection and determine any correlation between BLM and viral titer. Immunological markers of diseas…

Gene profiling of Chikungunya virus arthritis in a mouse model reveals significant overlap with rheumatoid arthritis.

OBJECTIVE: Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus that causes a chronic debilitating polyarthralgia/polyarthritis, for which current treatments are often inadequate. To assess whether new drugs being developed for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) might find utility in the treatment of alphaviral arthritides, we sought to determine whether the inflammatory gene expression signature of CHIKV arthritis shows any similarities with RA or collagen-induced arthritis (CIA), a mouse model of RA. METHODS: Using a recently developed animal model of CHIKV arthritis in adult wild-type mice, we …

Новая вакцина против энцефалита венесуэльского энцефалита сочетает в себе преимущества иммунизации ДНК и живую вакцину.

Вакцины ДНК сочетают замечательную генетическую и химическую стабильность с доказанной безопасностью и эффективностью в моделях животных, оставаясь при этом менее иммуногенными у людей. С другой стороны, живые вакцины обладают тем преимуществом, что они вызывают быстрый, надежный, долгосрочный иммунитет после однодозной вакцинации. Здесь мы описываем новую технологию вакцины iDNA, которая основана на инфекционной платформе ДНК и сочетает преимущества ДНК и живые вакцины. Мы применили эту технологию для вакцинации от инфекции венесуэльского энцефалита (VEV), альфавируса из семьи Тогавириде. Вак

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
DNA vaccines combine remarkable genetic and chemical stability with proven safety and efficacy in animal models, while remaining less immuno … s technology for vaccination against infection with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), an alphavirus from the Togaviridae family. The iDNA vaccine is based on transcription of the full-length genomic RNA of the TC-83 live-attenuated virus from plasmid DNA in vivo. The in vivo-generated viral RNA initiates limited replication of the vaccine virus, w …

NTPase and 5'-RNA triphosphatase activities of Chikungunya virus nsP2 protein.

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an insect borne virus (genus: Alphavirus) which causes acute febrile illness in humans followed by a prolonged arthralgic disease that affects the joints of the extremities. Re-emergence of the virus in the form of outbreaks in last 6-7 years has posed a serious public health problem. CHIKV has a positive sense single stranded RNA genome of about 12,000 nt. Open reading frame 1 of the viral genome encodes a polyprotein precursor, nsP1234, which is processed further into different non structural proteins (nsP1, nsP2, nsP3 and nsP4). Sequence based analyses have show…

Silent circulation of arboviruses in Cameroon.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the silent circulation and transmission of arthropod-borne viruses (arboviruses) in the Fako Division of Cameroon … reacted with one or more viral antigens. Twenty nine sera (36.7%) reacted with members of the genus Alphavirus, with Chikungunya (CHIKV) and O'nyong-nyong (ONNV) viruses as the most frequent (34.2%). Forty six sera (58.2%) reacted with members of the genus Flavivirus: 24 (30.4%) were cross-reactive, but 11.4% reacted monotypically with Zika, 5.1% with yellow …

Sterile protection against Plasmodium knowlesi in rhesus monkeys from a malaria vaccine: comparison of heterologous prime boost strategies.

Using newer vaccine platforms which have been effective against malaria in rodent models, we tested five immunization regimens against Plasmodium knowlesi in rhesus monkeys. All vaccines included the same four P. knowlesi antigens: the pre-erythrocytic antigens CSP, SSP2, and erythrocytic antigens AMA1, MSP1. We used four vaccine platforms for prime or boost vaccinations: plasmids (DNA), alphavirus replicons (VRP), attenuated adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad), or attenuated poxvirus (Pox). These four platforms combined to produce five different prime/boost vaccine regimens: Pox alone, VRP/Pox, VRP/Ad…