Preliminary proposals for the follow-up of infants born to mothers with cystic fibrosis treated with CFTR modulators during the first two years of life.

The number of pregnancies in women with cystic fibrosis (CF) has significantly increased in recent years, leading to a corresponding rise in the number of healthy infants exposed to cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator modulator (CFTRm) such as elexacaftor-tezacaftor-ivacaftor (ETI) or Kaftrio/Kalydeco® (K/K) triple therapy. Currently, data on the immediate outcomes for these children is reassuring; however, some cases of abnormal liver tests and cataracts have been reported in a few newborns indirectly exposed to ETI in utero or postnatally. Long-term neurodevelopment remains a concern that requires further investigation. A working group from the Société Française de la Mucoviscidose has developed recommendations for monitoring these children during the first two years and beyond. Given the increasing number of infants born to mothers taking CFTR modulators, as well as questions regarding their immediate care during the maternity stay and the feasibility of breastfeeding, it is crucial for pediatricians to be aware of these recommendations, which are based on a comprehensive review of the literature.