Surgical management of neuromuscular deformities of the foot and ankle in children and adolescents.

Foot and ankle deformity in the face of neuromuscular involvement will challenge the podiatric surgeon's ingenuity. The basic principles of management of the various major conditions encountered in spastic and flaccid muscle paralysis-paresis has been discussed. The use of a combined approach of hard and soft tissue surgery is emphasized as well as an intimate understanding of the specific neuromuscular process itself.