Mental health problems in elderly people with and without Down's syndrome.

This article reports on age-specific findings of mental health problems among residents with Down's syndrome (DS) (n = 307) and without (non-DS) (n = 1274 in dutch group homes and institutes for people with mental retardation. Whereas a proportional increase of psychological problems was found for elderly DS persons with severe mental retardation, non-DS residents did not show such age-specific differences. High ratings of psychological problems for the elderly DS residents corresponded very well with the diagnosis of 'dementia' made by the physicians. Only for non-DS persons with severe mental retardation was a proportional decrease of challenging behaviour found with advanced age. Whereas psychological problems in elderly DS persons could be explained for the greater part of the diagnosis 'dementia', challenging behaviour--although also common in elderly DS--was shown to be a more independent phenomenon. With regard to psychiatric diagnosis, non-DS residents with mild retardation had six times as much a mental disorder, and non-DS residents with severe or profound mental retardation had up to 15 times as much, compared with their DS peers.